2025-06-08 11:35
笑死 以后网上遇到类似的表述，马上就能想起这个酷酷的词
以入
而当一个人想与众不同鹤立鸡群高深莫测而又没有牛逼的实力的时候怎么办？装逼侠就在此时诞生了
这里有一个装逼侠的速成指南可供参考，没有具体才华和才能的人的常用装逼方式：
鄙视被不少人看好的东西以获得洋洋自得高人一等的优越感，通过自己读什么看什么来显得自己牛逼，混乱的语句，错乱的搭配，并且由于没有什么人理他们而物以类聚组织一个小圈子，在小圈子内自愧不停高潮，然后以为自己站在了装逼界的世界之巅
比如论坛上一开口你就可以说：
很庆幸我的阅读体验是从卡夫卡开始的，而不是韩寒之流
这句话挺装逼和谐的，然而也是脑残
张晓东西南北 装逼侠和后现代哲学
多的女人，纸米让比老忒>
然后装逼的另一大常用法宝是语病不 详的深沉，闷骚难耐的低调，怪异不 通的比喻，混乱不堪的语句，乱七八 糟的滥用术语等等。比如：
我们很明显地看到，视作者的不同， 在线性的表意联系或者原书写 (archi-writing)，以及这种多参考 的、多维的机械催化剂之间不存在一 一对应的关系。尺度的对称、横向性 和它们的扩展的消极非论说的特征； 所有这些维度让我们离开了排中律的 逻辑，并且加强了我们对此前批评过 的本体论二元论的拒绝。
面对这等境界，中文互联网上的装逼 者很明显嫩了点。他们最多低沉的这 么说：风是树上的月亮，太阳是一场 华丽的白杀，当前天到来，人类所拥 有的只有后天的过去，诸如此类。
问题在于这些东西真的哽住了一些 人，互联网上的装逼者装的成功一点 的，虽然不成气候，也可以组集一些 以为他们真高深的人在一起互相组结 的每个人说话都别担不堪的玩下去， 并且都获得了小圈子里的优越感，以 为自己是牛逼的或参与了牛逼。
为什 张晓东西南北 装逼供和后现代哲学
徐先森 2025-06-08 15:11
说说我所知道的白酒小首点（6）这几天，家里菜品质量上升很高，谢谢朋友们帮忙撑场子。无以回报，唯有写稿。
前面开胃菜整得有点多，要上盘主菜了。院里有不少学霸，看前面的小文时候，提出了不少年报的问题，只是一句话可能说不清，今天就聊聊这个。老唐写的《手把手教你读财报》，可以让初中生读懂，我检测一下学习老唐精髓如何，能达到几分，力争可以让高中生看得懂。
返利在20年前，应该是在白酒销售的时候，立下汗马功劳的政策工具。现在成了一个负面的奔西，除茅子外，其他主流白酒目前价格都是倒挂的，返利是低价中货的助推器。在签订经销协议时，会明确单品返利内容，目前看，综合复杂一点的，大概是这样模式。总返利分月返·季返·年返，大概是月返；季返；年返的比例是5:3:2此处该放图片的，可是小老头不会弄啊！
顺便说一句，别徐总徐总的问问题，哥已退出江湖6年多，叫老徐比较舒服。估计年龄在院里排名在前100以内。
返利是在开发票时候是不能体现”返利”两个字的，这个是有关部门规定的，但是在发票上，税务部门认可明折明扣的。举例：鬼画符弄一个简版的发票折扣20元，其实质
就是返利。20元分为月返10元（开票一个月后返），6元季返（开票二个季度后返），年返4元（开票一年后返）。年返，和全年销售指标挂钩，不达标不返。月返和季返，和销售指标无关。到时间就返。实际操作中，年返不达标也返了，毕竟合作多少年了，还要考虑以后关系呢。钱又不多，只占返利的20%。在中秋节和春节旺季，促销期间，为减轻经销商资金压力，月返和季返改为次返，即本次开票下次可以直接当现金使用。经销商开票时候，还是要交120元，其中100元体现在发票上。20元开现金收据，等返利到期（一个月，一季度，一年），会自动进入经销商在酒厂账户，等同于经销商打现金款了。前面有说，经销商中货时候，厂方会给予处罚，就是第二条，哪里又来一个产品保证金呢？整的太复杂了，其实就是返利中月返。发现经销商串货，处罚按照月返的3倍给予扣除。简单说，就是一个人有三个名字：大名：返利。（签协议时候用的，让你乐啊啊，喜滋滋把协议签了小名：折扣。（让税务部门满意的））外号：产品保证金。（噢？这个钱还不一定是我的啊）
返利，在年报上在哪里？没到期的返利，在合同负债上找。我蒙的，毕竟我不是财务专业人士。不知道说的明白没？
步州梆 帝罗川 钱权 长孜 金中 打叻 蜘蛛行 120 , 120 -20 , -20 100 , 100
唐朝 2025-06-08 15:57 老徐这是用最简单粗暴的方式，给我们科普了”合同负债”项目下的”应付经销商尚未结算的折扣与折让”科目，以及”其他应付款”项目下的”经销商风险抵押金和保证金”的来龙去脉 精彩。话说本期给老徐标的这个”一线行家”的身份标签，没打错吧？ 谢谢老徐，继续摸蛋继续小酒，回头想起哈了，继续拍连续剧《石油与荣耀》(德士古公司的故事)
周明甚 德士古石油公司的故事，资料来自于宝藏男孩的《oil and honor》的 P46-P50，感谢Michael 再次让我有机会填坑，一觉美国当时的石油业中的故事。?? (本篇：7000 字)
【might have been different if Joseph
“Buckskin Joe” Cullinan, a roughhewn Irishman from the oil fields of western Pennsylvania, had accepted an invitation in 1900 to invest in a wildcat well being drilled on a little hill called Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas. The discovery of oil the following year in the geological “salt dome” beneath the hill touched off the most hell-bent oil boom ever seen before or since, transforming the sleepy town along the Gulf of Mexico into a Mecca of such frenzied speculation that it quickly became known as “Swindletop”.
如果来自宾夕法尼亚西部油田、粗矿不羁的爱尔兰人乔·库利南（绰号：鹿皮乔），在1900年投资了在德克萨斯州博蒙特市斯平德托普山丘上的预探井，历史会改写。次年在山丘地下的”盐丘”地质结构中发现了石油，引发了空前绝后的石油热潮，以至于墨西哥湾沿岸的沉闷小镇，变成了疯狂投机的热土，以至于它很快就被称为”骗局之山”。
注：①”wildcat”野猫井，指的是开采石油前用来探测地块之下是否有油的预探井
②乔叟夫·库利南在1902-1913年担任公司总裁，1860年-1937年，出生于宾夕法尼亚州劳伦斯县，22岁的时候，他加入了
标准石油公司，在其中工作了 13 年。
1894 年，一家水井公司在为德克萨斯州科西嘉纳控井的时候意外挖到了石油（芭格老先生曾经提到过的野鸭俱乐部，记得不，有个人拿着枪对着地面开了一枪打出石油，这样看起来并不是特别离谱）。
市长邀请库里南前来指导石油生产，因为缺乏炼油厂，导致着原油倾倒产生环境污染，这种浪费的做法促使德克萨斯立法者对行业制定法律，库利南是制定该州第一部石油法规的关键性人物。
③盐丘结构：美国墨西哥湾德克萨斯州是世界上最大的盐丘区，盐丘像柱子一般矗立在地下，地下的盐在受到四周的压力时候，会向上方最薄弱的地方突破，而盐不断上涌，顶上的岩石被挤成拱形，而石拱的两边，会成为绝佳的储存地，油气资源会源源不断的涌入拱中将其填满。
I can see this image contains text in both English and Chinese, appearing to be from a book or document. However, I should note that reproducing the complete text verbatim from what appears to be a copyrighted work would not be appropriate.
If you need:
- A summary of the content
- Specific information about particular passages
- Help understanding certain sections
- Citations or references to the source
I’d be happy to help with any of those alternatives instead.
“teakettle” refinery and sell it elsewhere for many times that much.
石油严重过剩，当地水源因为井采石油也受到了污染，以至于石油的售价下跌至每桶3美分，而饮用水却要价每杯5美分，库利南洞察到：若有人能在斯平德托普以每桶3美分的低价收购原油，然后通过”茶壶”炼油厂加工，再运往他处以数倍价格出售，那么他可以获得暴利。
注：“茶壶”炼油厂指的是中小型炼油厂。
Cullinan obtained backing for his venture from the Latham Brothers of New York, who controlled the nation’s leather industry; from a high-rolling Chicago railroader and steel baron named John “Bet-a-Million” Gates and a variety of local interests, including former Texas Governor James Hogg. Cullinan’s Texas Company — so named to preserve the hometown character of an operation financed with so much Yankee money — built dozens of storage tanks, miles of pipeline, loading docks and a refinery.
库利南从多方获得了对他的支持，他的支持者包括：控制者全美皮革业的组约莱瑟姆兄弟，孤注一掷的芝加哥铁路与钢铁大亨约翰”一掷百万”盖茨和当地的其他利益相关人士，包括前德州州长詹姆斯·霍格。库利南的德州公司——以此名字来保持一个由许多美国资本融资的企业的家乡性质——建造了数十个储油罐、数英里的管道、装货码头和一个炼油厂。
輸．“百萬賭注”．蓋茨，包括前德克薩斯州州長惠姆斯．霍格在內的本地利益集團。
注：Yankee 扬基，大家都聽說過扬基歌（Yankee Doodle），Yankee 指的是新英格蘭和美國北方一些州的人。
【It began moving crude oil and refined products by train and pipeline to the crude-short refineries of the North and to the sugar grinders along the Mississippi. And while Standard Oil continued to dominate the market for illuminating and fuel oil, Cullinan and his backers quickly identified an all-new market in the newly introduced horseless carriage. Seventeen years after opening its first filling station in 1911, the Texas Company would attain the singular achievement of operating outlets in all forty-eight states, and eventually all fifty.】
德克薩斯公司開始通過火車和管道，將原油以及精煉油品運送到北方缺少原料的煉油廠，以及密西西比河沿岸的制糖廠。儘管標准石油繼續在照明油和燃料油市場佔據主導地位，但卡利南及其支持者迅速發現了新推出的無馬車中的全新市場。在1911年開設第一個加油站後的十七年間，德克薩斯公司取得了在全部四十八個州運營加油站的非凡成就，並最終擴展到全部五十個州。
准石油公司仍然牢牢掌控着灯用煤油市场，库利南和他的支持者们很快在新兴的汽车行业中发现了全新的市场。
自从1911年开设了第一个加油站，17年后，德克萨斯公司取得了一项非凡的成就——加油网络覆盖了当时全美48个州，并最终扩展到所有的50个州。
注：horseless carriage 没有马的马车，就是汽车。
【But the Texas Company would do most of its growing without Buckskin Joe, who quit the company within a decade of founding it. Seventy-five years later, when Texaco was cast as an arrogant out of Townes in a Houston courtroom, the circumstances of Buckskin Joe’s bitter resignation would stand as one of the most ironic events in the company’s history】
然而，德克萨斯公司日后的发展，都与鹿皮乔无关了，这位创始人创建了公司，不到十年他就退出了公司。75年后，当德士古公司在休斯顿的法庭上被塑造成一个傲慢的外来者的时候，当年鹿皮乔愤然辞职的往事，成为了公司历史上最具有讽刺意味的事件。
【He had moved the company’s headquarters from Beaumont to the】
Text Extraction from Image
English Section:
swampy and underdeveloped city of Houston, about one hundred miles away, “Houston,” he wrote one of the company’s Eastern backers, “seems to me to be the coming center of the oil business of the Southwest.” At the same time, Buckskin Joe perceived a need to begin amassing huge new tracts of oil and to step up the company’s sputtering search for oil-in-the-ground.
Chinese Section:
这位创始人将公司的总部从博蒙特迁至一百英里以外的休斯顿，当时的休斯顿遍布沼泽尚不发达，他在给公司的东部股东的信中写道：“在我看来，休斯顿将来会成为西南地区石油工业的中枢”。与此同时，鹿皮乔意识到需要圈占更多的新油田，并且加速推进公司在寻找新油田的勘探工作。
English Section (continued):
But the company’s backers in New York balked at the expensive exploration plans and set up an executive committee that began tightening the reins on Buckskin Joe’s activities. Worse still, the money men had established a de facto management headquarters in New York. Buckskin Joe, by this time a happily adopted Texan, began soliciting proxies to have the New York brigade thrown out of power.
reminding the company’s stockholders that
“its original management, its corporate attitude and activities were branded with the name Texas and Texas ideals.”
但公司在纽约的股东们反对昂贵的勘探计划，并成立了一个执行委员会，开始收紧鹿皮乔的各项管理动作。更糟糕的是，这些金主在纽约建立了实际的管理总部。此时已经把自己当作是一个德克萨斯人的鹿皮乔，开始秘密征集股东委托书，目的为了把组织挽起走，他提醒公司的股东；
“公司从创立之初的管理架构、企业文化到经营理念，都铭刻着德克萨斯的名字，融入了德克萨斯之魂”。
The uncertain outcome of the power struggle caused such anxiety and suspense that even the rebellion of Pancho Villa along the nearby Mexican border was suddenly relegated to second Billing in the Houston newspapers. Alas, Buckskin Joe lost the proxy fight by a wide margin, causing the Houston Chronicle to demand a state investigation of the company’s flight into “the maelstrom of Manhattan.” The newspaper warned: “New York water and Texas oil are not
going to mix very well,” For his part, Buckskin Joe spent his later years as an eccentric defender of Irish and other ethnic causes, flying a pirate’s skull-and-crossbones over the Petroleum Building in Houston “as a warning to privilege and oppression.”
权力斗争的不确定性引发了舆论中的焦虑和悲念，甚至让潘乔·维拉在墨西哥边境发动的叛乱都退居当时休斯顿报纸的次条新闻，可惜的是，鹿皮乔以较大的差距输掉了股东委托争战，进而《休斯顿纪事报》要求州政府介入调查公司被”曼哈顿资本”所寄取一事。
该报警告称：“纽约的金融资本和德克萨斯的原油实体经济注定水火不容”。至于鹿皮乔本人，晚年的他是一个爱尔兰人和其他少数族裔的极盐拥卫者，甚至在休斯顿石油大厦的楼顶升起海盗骷髅旗——作为对特权和压迫的警惕。
注：潘乔·维拉：墨西哥革命，1916年3月，讲攻了新墨西哥州哥伦布市，造成平民和军人死亡，随即美国总统伍德罗·威尔逊命令美军进入墨西哥，抓捕潘乔·维拉，一年后无果，撤出了墨西哥。
The relocation of Texas Company headquarters forever changed its identity.
Text Extraction from Image
English Section 1:
corporate character. Most major U.S. oil companies outside of the Standard Oil group maintained their roots in the oil patch——Phillips Petroleum in Oklahoma, Gulf Oil in western Pennsylvania and Getty Oil, Union Oil and Occidental Petroleum in California——but virtually alone did the Texas Company make its home amid the financial titans of Wall Street.
Chinese Section:
德克萨斯公司总部的再一次迁址永久改变了他的文化。在美国各大石油公司中，除了标准石油以外，都扎根于石油原产区，例如俄克拉荷马州的菲利普斯石油公司、宾夕法尼亚州西部的海湾石油公司、加利福尼亚州的盖蒂石油、联合石油和西方石油公司，唯独德克萨斯石油公司坐落在组约——华尔街金融重镇。
English Section 2:
【The company’s presence in New York certainly furthered its access to the capital markets, facilitated the management of its growing overseas interests and eased its pioneering involvement in national broadcast advertising. But back in the oil patch, Texaco was rapidly becoming known as an outsider. Every other major oil company happily subleased land to local independents, but the high-and-
mighty Texas Company refused to share the wealth. As a company ruled by strait-laced men of finance rather than by the good old boys of the oil patch, it became notorious for squeezing the hardest on any purchase of supplies.
该公司迁址到组约当然让他更容易进入资本市场，便于管理其目益增长的海外业务，并开了其在全国广播上打广告的先河。
但在石油行业的圈子内，德士吉公司很快就被当做异类：其他所有的石油巨头都很乐意向本地其他独立公司转租土地。
但高傲的德克萨斯公司拒绝如此。同时作为一家由咨善的金融人士而非石油圈的”哥们”管理的企业，他因为向上游采购时要求”勒索式”折扣而臭名昭著。
When the petroleum Club of Houston moved into new quarters on the top floor of the Humble Oil (now Exxon) Building in 1962, every major oil company was providing financial assistance — “Everybody but Texaco,” a club official complained, “and I guess they never will.” It was the only major oil company without representation in the All-American Wildcatters Association, a group of
crusty old oilmen — — including the Liedtke brothers of Pennzoil — — who went out of their way to make Texaco the butt of their jokes.
1962 年，当休斯顿石油俱乐部搬入汉贝尔石油公司（现为埃克森）大厦顶楼的新场所的时候，每家大型石油公司都提供了资金支持——“除了德士古”，一位俱乐部的领导抱怨说：“我清他们永远不会”。
在全美独立勘探者协会中，德士古公司是唯一家没有派代表的公司。这个由一群脾气古怪的老派石油商组成的团体——包括鹏斯公司的利克特兄弟——他们不遗余力的让德士古当做笑柄。
注：汉贝尔石油公司，创立者威廉姆斯·坦普斯·法利奇，孙子小威廉姆 2001 年被委任为驻英大使，出过两次总统的布什家族和该家族关系不错。话说回来，出生于德克萨斯的总统多少都与石油公司有关，比如说：第 36 任总统林登·约翰逊。
Part of Texaco’s arrogance had nothing to do with its New York address, however. The fact was that Texaco didn’t need to do deals with anyone else in the oil patch. The reason was that Texaco owned Louisiana
Text Content from Image
Chinese Text: 其实德士古的傲慢与他们是否身处组约无关。事实是德士古不需要在石油圈内和其他人虚与委蛇，原因是德士古拥有路易斯安州的石油采矿权。
English Text: In a deal that would loom large in the events to come, the Texan Company of the 1930’s cast its lot with the immense political machine of former Louisiana Governor Huey Long, in one fell swoop fulfilling its need for a huge supply of crude oil to keep all those refining and filling stations primed. Shortly before his assassination in 1935, the beloved populist Long, then a U.S. Senator, had set up a secret venture called Win or Lose Corporation, which obtained the mineral rights to nearly all state owned land in south Louisiana. Because south Louisiana was almost half marshland — and because the state owned all land that sat under water Win or Lose couldn’t lose; Long’s political dynasty wound up owning some one million acres of oil leases. Then along came the Texas Company, which subleased almost the entire lot. Long had just been assassinated, but his cronies and relatives, including U.S. Senator Russell Long, would go on to enjoy tens of millions of dollars in oil revenues.
royalty payments from Texaco’s Win or Lose leases.
在一桩对未来影响深远的交易中，二十世纪三十年代的德克萨斯公司选择和前路易斯安那州州长休伊•朗进行政治结盟。一举满足了它的炼油厂对大量原油资源的渴求，进而能保持旗下的加油站能够始终有油可加。
休伊•朗在1935年被暗杀前，这位深受喜爱的民粹主义者，时任参议院的他秘密成立了一家”赢或输公司”，该公司获得了路易斯安那州南部几乎所有州属土地的采矿权。
因为路易斯安那州南部近半几乎是沿泽地。而州政府掌有所有的水下土地的产权，所以”赢或输公司”实际上稳赚不赔；朗的政治集团拥有数百万英亩的石油租约。
随后德克萨斯公司几乎以转租的形式全盘接受。尽管朗被暗杀，但他的亲信和家族成员（包括参议员拉塞尔•朗），仍继续从德士古的租约中获得了数千万美元的特许权收费。
Beneath those mosquito-infested swamps and grasslands lay dozens of gigantic, underground salt domes, each one a geological sibling of the Spindletop field. South Louisiana became the Saudi Arabia of the West with Texaco controlling practically all of the oil.
all of it. By the 1950’s Texaco had become the nation’s number-one oil producer, deriving its largest share of income from the isolated bayous of the Pelican State. No oil company in the nation owned more oil-in-the-ground.
在那片蚊虫肆虐的沼泽与草原下面，有数十个巨大的地下盐丘，每座都有着和斯平德托普油田相同的地质条件。路易斯安那州南部成为了美国西部的沙特阿拉伯，德士古几乎控制了整个地区。
到了20世纪50年代，德士古已经成为了美国第一大原油生产商，其最大的收入来源部分是路易斯安那州佩远河湾地带。没有一家石油公司拥有比德士古更多的地下石油。
注：Pelican State; 鹈鹕州，路易斯安那州的别称。褐鹈鹕是路易斯安那州的原生鸟类，它成为了官方鸟类的选择，它出现在路易斯安那州的州旗、州徽以及职业团队的标志上，例如新奥尔良鹈鹕队。
Ever the marketer, Texaco also discovered a way to make money from the natural gas that poured out with the oil from its Louisiana wells. For years the oil industry had wastefully flared gas that came from the ground along with Louisiana oil, illuminating
south Louisiana with torches that looked like giant birthday candles. But in the 1950’s and 1960’s, Texaco drew dozens of sprawling chemical and other processing plants to Louisiana by offering to sell the gas under long-term contracts for as little as 25 cents per thousand cubic feet. Before long, one of the world’s great petrochemical and power-plant corridors sprang up along the riverbanks.
作为营销高手，德士古公司充分利用了从路易斯安那州的油井伴生的天然气。多年来，石油行业浪费了来这部分气体，石油公司将这些气体在采油井顶端点燃，以至于干路易斯安那州南部的夜空被照亮，就好像巨大生日蛋烛一样熊熊燃烧。
但是在 20 世纪 50 年代和 60 年代，德士古公司提出每千立方英尺 25 美分的价格长期出售石油伴生天然气，吸引数十家庞大的化工厂和相关加工企业，在路易斯安那州落户。很快，全球最大的石油化工品以及电力产业集群之一，在密西西比河河岸拔地而起。
The chemical companies sucked up Texaco’s natural gas like soda through a straw, transforming it into fertilizer for Iowa, rubber feedstocks
for Akron and enough bulk plastic to keep an entire generation of baby-boomers in sandwich bags and polyester shirts. Year by year Texaco deepened its addiction to Louisiana oil and gas, lacing the swamps with pipelines of ever-increasing diameters and committing huge supplies——not only to its industrial customers, but to the sprawling retail network that was selling gasoline under a constellation of Big Red Texaco stars.
化工公司机淵難耐的需求著德士古公司的天然气，將其轉化為愛荷華州的肥料、阿克倫市的橡膠原料，以及足以讓整個嬰兒潮一代人享用的三明治包裝袋和滌綸襯衫的塑料原料。
年復一年，德士古公司對路易斯安那州的油氣資源的依賴與日俱增，它在沼澤地上鋪設了更大口徑的管道，並不僅僅向他的工業客戶大量供應原料，同時也將更多的汽油運送到遍布全國的旗下加油站。
Nearly all of this growth occurred under one man.
几乎所有的增长都是在一个人的领导之下。
【Throughout most of the postwar era, Texaco was in the indomitable grip of
Gus Long, an Annapolis graduate who had quit the Navy when he realized he would never make admiral and who rose to the top of Texaco through his strict adherence to the company’s push-the-product philosophy. Gus Long(no relation to Huey) saw to it that Texaco took the lead in lining the nation’s new interstate highways with filling stations as soon as the roadwork began in 1956’s. He elbowed his way into the commercial and residential heating business by acquiring fuel-oil distributors, and no delivery was impossible to complete.
在战后的大部分时间里，德士古一直在格斯·朗的铁腕掌控之下，格斯·朗是安纳波利斯海军学院的毕业生，当他发现他永远无法成为海军军官的时候，他毅然退出了海军，加入了德士古。
在德士古内部，他严厉践行”产品为上、服务为先”的商业理念，并最终成为德士古的CEO。
在1956年联邦州际公路系统刚动工的时候，格斯·朗（和前文的参议员没关系，只是同姓）硫保德士古公司率先在新的美国州际公路上布设加油站网络。通过收购燃料油经销商，进入了商业和住宅供暖业务市
场，确保服务能畅及时准确无误。
注：①美国海军学院（USNA）坐落于美国马里兰州首府安纳波利斯，是美国一所培养海军初级军官的学校。
②格斯·朗全名 Augustus Long 奥古斯都·朗（奥古斯都是古罗马时期最高统治者职位头衔，第一个奥古斯都是屋大维），这位在 1950-1977 年担任德士古公司的董事，还担任过组约联邦储备银行的董事。
③他的父亲是美国联邦地区法官，1926 年加入美国海军学院，在海上服役了四年，1930年成为德士古业务主管，1932 年任命为爱尔兰营销总经理，1934 年担任荷兰经理，二战期间负责协调盟军石油供应。
顺便八卦一下这位老先生接过两次婚，第一次 22 岁的时候，有三个女儿；厄害之处在于，59 岁的时候，夫人去世了，60 岁的时候二婚，同时生下了一个女儿。
【During one of the worst snowstorms in New York history, Long was sitting in his office high atop the Chrysler Building when he was notified that his dinner meeting with stock analysts had been canceled because another oil company was unable to replenish the building’s heating oil. Long personally arranged to deliver an
alternate supply. Of course, the meeting went on as scheduled.】
在组约历史上最严重的暴风雪之一期间，朗正在克莱斯勒大厦高层的办公室，当时他接到通知，因为另一家石油公司无法为该大楼补充取暖燃油，他与证券分析师的晚餐会被取消了。朗亲自安排德士古提供备用供应。最终会议如期进行。
【The corporate culture established by Long fostered a single-minded commitment to sales and productivity, but it discouraged the freewheeling, risk-taking spirit necessary to succeed in the oil-respecting business. Long was a notorious penny-pincher who was said to review every expenditure over $10,000——a ridiculously low amount in an industry where wells could cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, even in those days. Long filled the organization with former military officers, particularly Navy men, who did everything but salute and “aye aye” at his commands. Other oilmen called him “the businessman’s Patton” and Texaco “the meanest company in the world.” One oilman told Dun’s Business Monthly: “The way they work, it’s something like taking 40 lashings every morning——
and enjoying it.” 】
在朗建立的企业文化中，对于销售和效率有着偏执殖的追求。但同时也阻碍了在石油行业中取得成功所必须要拥有敢于开拓进取的精神。
朗是一个以资晋为著名的人，据说他会亲自审查每笔超过一万美元以上的支出——在钻探单口油井可能都会耗费数十万美元的行业中，这是一个低的离谱的数字。
他大量任用退役军人，尤其是海军，他打造出了等级森严的军事化管理体系。石油圈内称呼朗是”商界的巴顿”，一位石油商人告诉《邓氏商业月刊》：他们工作的方式就像每天早上挨四十鞭子，然后还非常享受它。
巴顿将军；小乔治·史密斯·巴顿，美国二战时期著名将领，以勇猛顽强、指挥果断为著称呼，被称为”血胆巴顿”。
【 John McKinley flourished in Gus Long’s Texaco. He ascended from grease research to the “cracking” lab, discovering some fourteen new ways to reconstitute the hydrocarbon molecules of crude oil into the very gasoline additives that were helping to make Texaco the number-one street-corner retailer in America. McKinley was a consummate company man, and his
Text Content from Image
appearances at company research meetings drew the attention of top management. By 1956 he had traded in his lab coat for a suit coat, moving into a top job in the company’s worldwide research headquarters in Beacon, New York. John McKinley was on the fast track.
约翰·麦金利在朗建立的德士古公司中如鱼得水，他从润滑油研究部门起步，逐步晋升到”裂解”实验室，他发现了大约14种新的工艺，可以将原油的碳氢化合物分子变成汽油添加剂，这些技术革新帮助德士古登顶美国油品零售商。
麦金利是一个完美契合德士古文化的员工，他在公司研发上的优秀表现引起了公司高层的注意。到了1956年，他已经脱下了实验室白大褂，西装革履装登组约公司全球研发总部的管理层。他走上了职场晋升的快速通道。
注：约翰·麦金利之后官运亨通，1971-1983年担任公司总裁
For McKinley and Texaco, the oil business was beautiful——so long as there remained enough inexpensive oil-in-the-ground to keep all those refineries and filling stations operating at full tilt. It was an
Text Content from Image
English Section:
article of faith within Texaco that whatever oil the company needed it could find in Louisiana, if nowhere else. “Finding new reserves is absolutely essential,” Texaco told its employees in a 1965 newsletter, “and Texaco keeps at it just as assiduously in oil-rich Louisiana as it does everywhere.” Other oil companies were beginning to recognize the gravity of the disaster that would occur if ever the nation’s oil began running dry. But when a trade group banded together in the 1960s in an advertising campaign to warn of just such a possibility, Texaco, conspicuously, refused to support it.
Chinese Section:
对麦金利和德士古而言，石油生意是美好的，只要地下依然拥有足够的廉价石油保证炼油厂和加油站全速运转。在德士古内部的共识中，无论公司需要多少石油，都能在路易斯安那州找到。
德士古公司在1965年致员工的信中表示：“德士古公司将继续在储量丰富的路易斯安那州继续勘探下去”。
但其他石油公司开始认识到：如果石油开始枯竭将会引发的灾难性的后果，当一个行业联盟在20世纪六十年代的时候开始通过广
告活动警告这种可能性的时候，德士古拒绝支持它。
【Texaco was setting itself up for a hard, hard fall.】
德士古公司即将迎来它的一场惨败。
周明茅 2025年06月08日 07:51 这是《石油与荣耀》一书的51-61页，以及67-70页，分别讲述了盖蒂家族的一堆破事儿和德士古公司遇到的挑战，该史可以明鉴，阅读的目的，在于用别人的经验教训来指导自己，想清楚自己究竟想要什么，能接受什么，愿意放弃什么，能够忍受什么，谢谢Michael，谢谢谢谢。
和投资一样，人生能够把重大的失误避开就是成功，不幸的遭遇发生在别人身上是故事，发生在自己身上就是事故，我中人的不幸的遭遇早有预兆，苦格老先生说：“哪里有危险，就坚决不去哪里”是大智慧，被深度低估的大智慧。
全文一共1.9万字，中文大约1.3万字左右，可以放心食用。
When Gordon Getty called on his father for consulting assignments, the Old Man was living outside of London in a seventy-two-room Tudor mansion called Sutton Place, the very castle where
Henry VIII had had his first fateful meeting with Anne Boleyn. Most sons calling on an estranged billionaire father who lived with a dozen Alsatian guard dogs might fairly find the experience intimidating. Indeed, George, the oldest Getty son, would once remark that “coming to see him is like visiting Mount Olympus.” Gordon’s comment, however, was that his father’s fortress showed “a remarkable amount of architectural integrity.”
当文登·盖蒂（Gordon Getty）向他的父亲亲当面寻求建议时，这位老人住在伦敦郊外一座拥有72个房间的都铎风格的豪宅中（萨顿庄园），正是亨利八世与安妮·博林（Anne Boleyn，亨利八世的王后）第一次相遇的地方。对大部分人来说，拜访和自己日盛疏远的亿万富翁父亲，可能会觉得这种经历并不让人舒服，尤其是对方还与一打阿尔萨斯护卫犬住在一起的情况下。事实上，盖蒂的长子乔治曾经说过：“来看他就像朝觐住在奥林匹斯山上的宙斯。“然而，戈登认为，他父亲的堡垒显示出”非凡的建筑完整性”。
注：安妮·博林（1501-1536），原是亨利八世的女王的侍女，与亨利八世暗中偷情，亨利八世为其发动了宗教改革，造成了英国教廷与罗马教廷的决裂，为了迎娶她，几年之后，亨利八世处决了她。有部电视剧叫
《都锋王朝》。
盖蒂家族人的结局和皇室很像，普遍都不是很好，最后一句话也是隐喻如此，老盖蒂如同亨利八世一样喜新厌旧，性格变化无常。一辈子曾经娶过五位夫人，和四位有过子女，很遗憾的是，他的子女结局普遍让人唏嘘。
It was during one such visit that Gordon first expressed curiosity about the family trust, a subject that his father understandably treated as a deep, dark secret. For the truth was that J. Paul Getty actually was no billionaire. The majority of the fortune attributed to him by the press existed in a trust established to benefit not only him, but also Gordon, his brothers and all their born and unborn children. It wasn’t even J. Paul who had set up the trust. It was his mother. It was only in 1960, at age twenty-seven, that Gordon finally asked about his inheritance, and his father gave him a five-word response: “Your grandmother created a trust.” When Gordon inquired further, his father told him that the trust documents were a matter of public record, on file with the Los Angeles County Recorder’s office
正是在这次的交流中，戈登第一次表达了对他们家族的信托好奇心。他的父亲将这个话题视为禁忌。表面上看上去J.保罗•盖蒂并不是亿万富翁。媒体报道的巨额财富都存在于一个信托基金中，该信托基金的受益人并不仅是他，而且包括戈登、他的兄弟们以及他们所有出生和未出生的孩子。
甚至并不是J.保罗，而是他的母亲设立了这个信托。直到1960年，27岁的戈登问起了他的遗产，他的父亲给了他五个字的回答：“你的祖母创建了一个信托”。当戈登进一步追问时，他的父亲告诉他，这些信托文件是公共的，存放在洛杉矶机档案登记办公室。
For three years, Gordon let the matter rest. He was, after all, picking up a few thousand dollars here and there as a consultant for the company.
He had a modest annuity that his mother had purchased for him. In addition, at age thirty, he received 4225 shares (worth about $125,000) in his father’s U.S. oil company from a comparatively small trust that his grandmother had also set up for her grandchildren. He had invested some money in a land-development project in Reno, but his partner had declared bankruptcy.
整整三年，戈登没有提起这事儿。毕竟，他在作为公司的顾问工作中赚取了一些钱。
文本提取
时不时还能以公司顾问的身份赚个几千美元外快。他母亲为他购买了一份年金，虽然不多，也够他花的了。此外，在30岁时，他从他祖母为她的孙子们设立的一个相对较小的信托中，获得了他父亲的石油公司的4225股股票（价值约12万美元）。他曾经在里诺市的一个土地开发项目上投资了一些钱，但他的合伙人已经宣布破产，项目无疾而终。
注：里诺市，美国内华达州西部的一座城市，州内北部最大的城市。
Thus, while Gordon was hardly living a life of poverty in the early 1960s, neither was he living like the son of the nation’s only purported billionaire. And while his three brothers continued their ascents, Gordon had altogether abandoned the idea of an executive career in his father’s oil empire—an enterprise toward which he had failed to develop the slights emotional attachment. Gordon was so unsentimental about the family business that he unloaded those few thousand shares almost immediately after inheriting them—only to watch the stock quickly quadruple in value. Getty Oil would have to limp by without Gordon Getty.
因此，虽然戈登在20世纪六十年代早期的生活并非贫困潦倒，但他的生活方式也绝非美国唯一自称亿万富翁的儿子。虽然他的三个哥哥继续他们的上升轨迹，但戈登已经彻底放弃了在他父亲石油帝国中担任高管的念头——对于这家企业，他未能产生丝毫的感情依恋。戈登对家族生意如此冷漠，以至于他在继承那几千股股票后几乎立即就将其抛售——只是眼看着股票价值迅速翻了四倍。盖蒂石油公司必须在没有戈登的情况下勉强维持。
生活不能称之为窘迫，但他也没有过上当时美国”亿万富翁”儿子该有的生活。当他的三个兄弟继续他们的事业时候，戈登已经完全放弃了在他父亲的石油帝国中担任高管的想法——他对这件事儿丝毫不感兴趣。
戈登对自己家族的企业如此不感兴趣，以至于他在继承几千股股票后几乎立即抛售了它们，眼睁睁的看着股票价格很快上涨了四倍。讽刺的是最终戈登·盖蒂在盖蒂石油公司中起到了关键作用。
“That started me thinking what alternatives I had in life,” he would later say. “And the thoughts finally circulated around to the trust.”
“这让我开始思考我人生中有没有其他选项，“他频频说：“而最终想法又回到了家族的信托上。”
Although it was created to satisfy business objectives rather than blood lines, the Trust of Sarah C. Getty Dated December 31, 1934, as it was legally constituted, would live for fifty years as the Getty family’s primary instrument of revenge. J. Paul Getty’s father was a devout Christina Scientist who recoiled at the romantic imbalance of his bon vivant son.
尽管这个信托设立的初衷是为了满足商业的目标而非用于传承，但这份名叫莎拉·C·盖蒂信托的初衷是为了满足商业的目标而非用于传承。
拉·C·盖蒂的信托是在1934年12月31日依法设立的，将成为盖蒂家族的长达50多年的”复仇”的工具。J·保罗·盖蒂的父亲是一位虔诚的基督教科学派信徒，他对他这个花花公子儿子挥霍无度的生活深感厌恶。
注：基督教科学派，1879年成立于美国，基督教的分支，认为通过祈祷鉴定对上帝的信念，疾病就会痊愈。
Thus, when George Getty I died in 1930, the thirty-eight-year-old J. Paul was shocked to find that he had been left about 3% of his father’s estate paltry 15.5 million, an astonishing sum for the day, going to J. Paul’s mother, Sarah. It wasn’t the money that mattered, and it wasn’t even the principle. The fortune was entirely in stock, meaning that control of the oil business owned by J. Paul and his father had now passed to his mother. J. Paul now had to answer to his mother’s stuffed-shirt lawyers. This was a major problem, for the stock market crash had just hit, and J. Paul had been counting on using the enormous repository of credit available to his father’s oil company to finance a stock-buying binge on Wall Street.
因此，当乔治·盖蒂一世于1930年去世时，38岁的J.保罗·盖蒂震惊地发现，他父亲的遗产中只有3%左右，只有区区50万美元留给了他，剩下的1550万美元，这在当时是一笔巨款，归J.保罗·盖蒂的母亲莎拉所有。钱亦或是遗产分配方式不是最重要的。因为全部的遗产都是以盖蒂石油公司的股份形式存在，这意味着原本J.保罗和他父亲共同掌控的石油公司，现在已经交给了他的母亲。
J.保罗现在必须对他母亲那群占板的律师言听计从。这是一个大问题，因为股票市场开始崩盘，J.保罗一直指望利用他父亲的石油公司可用的大量信贷在华尔街上大肆购买股票。
Fifty years later, during another downturn in oil stocks, the likes of T Boone Pickens of Mesa Petroleum, J. Hugh Liedtke of Pennzoil and John McKinley of Texaco would adopt the strategy that taking over other oil companies was preferable to drilling for oil when the value of the target company’s oil-in-the-ground was not nearly reflected in its stock price.
50年后，当石油股再次进入低迷的时候，梅萨石油公司的T·布恩·皮肯斯、宾州石油公司的J·休·利德克，以及德士古公司的约翰·麦金利等石油大亨，当目标石油公司的股价未包含其地下的石油价值时候，更倾向于收购其他石油公司，而非自己去钻探石油。
愿意采用类似的策略：收购其它石油公司比自己去勘探石油更划算。
①T·布恩·皮肯斯：被称为”油神”，美国著名石油商人，1928年-2023年，12岁开始做报童展现商业天赋，通过收购相邻的路线，收入上涨了四倍。（我的妈呀，12岁就开始收购了），这也为他未来打下了基础。1951年，大学毕业之后，在一家石油公司工作，三年后，用2500美元现金和10万美元借款成立了石油勘探公司，用于德克萨斯狭长地带的项目；而后又成立了阿尔泰石油天然气公司，用于加拿大西部的勘探。
这些公司成为了梅莎石油公司的一部分，皮肯斯在1964年上市，成为美国最大的独立油气公司之一。
70-80年代，皮肯斯通过投资大量被低估的石油公司，试图收购他们，他发现，这些石油公司在当地拥有丰富的油气储量，而这些油气储量并没有反应在公司的股价上，他承诺通过更高回报和更好管理获得股东的支持，这一行为导致股价闻风而动，即使最终收购失败也能获得巨额利润。
1982年，皮肯斯领导梅莎试图收购城市服务公司（你没有看错，这是巴神在11岁的时候为他和他姐姐多丽丝购买的第一只股票，后来改名为”希艾石油”），随后爆发了激烈的竞购战，最终西方石油以40亿美元收购了城市服务公司，皮肯斯股票获利。
3000 万美元。
随后他对海湾石油公司进行收购，海湾石油公司作为”七姐妹”石油巨头，海湾公司随即引入雪佛龙公司作为皮肯斯的竞价对手，雪佛龙以 132 亿美元的价格收购海湾石油，但皮肯斯在这一过程中赚取了 4 亿美元。
一些人指责皮肯斯是”绿票批作者”，投机者通过购买公司大量股票，企图加价出售给公司收购者，或者以更高的价格把股票卖回给公司以避免这部分的股份落入公司收购者之手。
皮肯斯在 1996 年将其出售，并创办了 BP 资本管理公司，专注于能源行业的对冲基金。
②J·休·利特克：1922 年-2003 年，出生于俄克拉荷马州，大学毕业后，和他的兄弟开设了一家法律事务所，1953 年和乔治布什兄弟（老布什）共同创立了莎帕塔公司。60 年代，利特克兄弟收购了南克乍法尼亚石油公司控制权，与莎帕塔公司合并，成立了宾州石油公司，这也是这本书的主角。
和皮肯斯类似的是，他擅长以低于公司实际价值的价格收购资产，并通过重组包装提升其投资吸引力，在职业生涯早期，他策划了首批恶意收购案——规模为标的公司 1/8 的宾州石油公司吞并了联合天然气管道公
司。
当然，他最辉煌的胜利来自法庭，1988年，他的律师团队说服隔审团认定德士古非法干涉其与盖蒂石油公司达成的握手交易，最终获得的30亿美元赔偿金被用于收购雪佛龙股票，然后又置换为为利润丰厚的油气资产。
Oil shares in the 1980’s would be like pawn tickets— collect enough of them and you own every guitar in town, cheap. People would hail this stroke of genius as “drilling for oil on Wall Street,” as if the concept had just been minted. It was J, Paul Getty, however, who invented it.
20世纪八十年代，购买石油股票就像开当铺，只要你收购的足够多的吉他，你就可以以很低的价格拥有镇子上每一把，人们把这种天才股的方法比喻为”在华尔街上开采石油”，当然，这种前所未有的股的创举实际上是由J.保罗发明的。
“I considered that it was foolish to buy oil properties with 100-cent dollars,” he would explain, “when you could buy them indirectly” — on Wall Street, that is — “with 50-cent dollars.” But as for Sarah, “she did not see that point.” In 1930 people weren’t putting money in the bank,
much less in the stock market. People were putting money in mattresses.
“我认为用合理的价格来收购油田资产是愚蠢的”他解释说，“但你完全可以在股票市场上以一半内在价值购买他们的股票”。但至于我的母亲莎拉，“她根本不明白这一点。1930年，人们连银行都不相信，更不用说投资股票市场了——那时大家都习惯把钱藏在床垫下面”。
Sarah called her son’s plan “reckless… a risky and hazardous proceeding.” She was convinced that he would gamble away his father’s fortune even before her grandsons, let alone their unborn children, would ever see it. Your father was no plunger! she cried. J. Paul considered his mother’s squeamishness to be “womanlike,” but Sarah’s cadre of advisors urged her to stand firm. The idea of seizing control of another company — against that company’s wishes! — was heretical, unethical, they told her.
莎拉认为她儿子的计划”鲁莽至极，完全是在孤注一掷”。她坚信，这个败家子会在她的后代们出生之前，就把他父亲的财产挥霍一空。“你父亲可从来不做这样的事情！“她哭喊道。J.保罗认为他母亲的小心谨慎是”妇人之见”，但莎拉的法律顾问们敦促她要坚定立场。他们告诉她，违背一家公司的意愿去夺取该公司的控制权是违反伦理的。
司的意愿并夺取控制权的想法是不道德的。
After months of battle between mother and son, J. Paul persuaded Sarah to “give up the worries of the business,” as he would inventively recall. Sarah agreed to sell her stock back to the family oil company, which put her mattress-stuffing lawyers out of the picture and left J. Paul free to call the shots. Quickly, he stepped up his efforts to “drill for oil on Wall Street,” choosing as his primary target Tide Water Associated Oil, the concern whose refineries and oil-in-the-ground eventually would become the cornerstone of Getty Oil Company.
经过母子两数月的费尽口舌的拉锯战，J·保罗最终说服母亲莎拉”去下经营生意的烦恼”——这是他创造性的说法，实际上是由J·保罗接手了母亲，作为盖蒂石油公司的实控人，莎拉同意让家族的石油公司回购她所持有的股票，这最终让他母亲的那些占板的律师一边凉快去，并得以让J·保罗能够大展拳脚。
他立即加大了”华尔街开采石油”计划，将湖水石油公司列为他的主要收购目标，该企业拥有的炼油厂和地下原油储备，最终成为了盖蒂石油公司的基石。
Soon, however, J. Paul encountered
another obstacle: The company still owed money to Sarah for the stock it had bought from her. Meanwhile, J. Paul was hocking the company to buy Tide Water stock on margin. Unless he persuaded his mother to cancel the company’s debt to her, the stock purchases would grind to a halt. Time was of the essence, for J. Paul had just learned of a major shareholder who was willing to sell a huge block of Tide Water shares, practically enough to give him control of the company.
然而很快，J·保罗遇到了另一个难题：公司仍然欠他母亲的巨额股份回购款。同时，J·保罗正在让公司以杠杆收购潮水石油公司的股票。除非说服他的母亲豁免该笔债务，否则公司会停止购买股票。机会稍纵即逝，J·保罗刚刚得知一位大股东原意出售一大笔潮水石油公司的股票，足以让他控制该公司。
On a distinctly unfestive Christmas Day in 1934, with Sarah bargaining from a position of strength, she proposed a solution. She would take back those notes and put them in a trust to be managed by her son. In effect, he would now be his own creditor, freeing his company to begin borrowing more money for the Tide
Water takeover. Eventually, the trust’s notes would be paid off altogether with stock in the family oil company, making the trust the largest shareholder.
在1934年那个毫无节日气氛的圣诞节，占据绝对谈判优势的母亲莎拉，提出了一个解决方案。她会把家族企业欠她股份回购款的债权收回，并将债权装入一个信托基金，由她的儿子管理。实际上，他现在成为自己的债权人，让他的公司可以开始为潮水石油收购率债券集更多资金。最终，该信托的债权享受他们家族石油公司的股票的收益权，使该信托成为了家族石油公司的最大股东。
But J. Paul had to abide by several severe conditions:
但是，J·保罗必须遵守几个苛刻的条件：
-
He had to put a great deal of the company stock he personally held into his mother’s trust, assuring that much of his fortune would also be preserved for Sarah’s great-grandchildren.
-
To perpetuate the family fortune as long as possible, the entire principal amount — the corpus — would remain in the trust until not only J. Paul was dead, but each of his children. Only then could the assets of the trust be divided among Sarah Getty’s great-grandchildren, and by
that time the 21st century would have rolled around.
- Of whatever money the trust earned on a yearly basis from dividends on company stock, for instance-J. Paul could receive only an amount in proportion to his mother’s contribution to the trust. Any money earned on J. Paul’s contribution would in turn go to his children—George II, Eugene Paul and Gordon. However, Ronald, the second son, would never receive more than $3000 in a year. J. Paul had assured his mother that Ronald would be more than amply provided for from the rich divorce settlement his mother had obtained. (He would not be, as it turned out.)
1、他必须将他个人持有的太笛公司股票转入他母亲的信托，以确保他的个人大部分财产也将留给莎拉的曾孙们。
2、为了确保家族财富能够长久存续，全部本金将保留在信托中，直到J·保罗，包括他的子女甚至都去世之后。信托的资产才能在莎拉·盖蒂的曾孙辈之间分配，到那时已经到了21世纪。
3、在信托每年从公司股票股息等获得的收益中，J·保罗只能获得他母亲对信托的初始出资所对应的份额。而J·保罗所对应的信托的出资比例份额，都会归他的孩子们所
有一一乔治二世、尤金·保罗和戈登。然而，次子罗纳德一年收到的钱不会超过3000美元。J.保罗向他的母亲保证：罗纳德生母获得了丰厚的离婚协议，因此无需从信托中获得更多的帮助。（事实证明，这一承诺未曾兑现）
注：委托人甚至相关的子女和孙辈放弃收益权，以实现信托资产能够与个人的财富绝对隔离，否则税局以及债权人很容易找上门来。
J. Paul waffled at his mother’s proposal, which she presented on a take-it-or-leave-it basis. It meant that no matter how big Getty Oil became-no matter how valuable the trust became, even $1 billion, say—J. Paul would be the trustee of the fortune, but its sole owner in name only. Yet the urgency of the Tide Water takeover left little choice; only by capitulating to his mother’s proposal would he have any hope of buying the big block of Tide Water stock that was rumored to be for sale. J. Paul gave in.
J.保罗对母亲的提议犹豫不决，她以”你要么接受，要么拒绝”提出了这个方案。这意味着，无论盖蒂石油公司变得多大——无论信托变得多么有价值，甚至于增值到10亿美元——
美元——J.保罗只是名义上拥有这笔财富，实际上只是受托人而已。然而，潮水石油收购计划的紧迫性让他别无选择；只有接受他母亲的提议，他才有可能买到待售的潮水石油股票。最终J.保罗受协了。
On December 31, 1934, after finally signing the eighteen-page document creating the Trust of Sarah C. Getty, J. Paul climbed into his tuxedo and went to a New Year’s Eve party at William Randolph Hearst’s castle at San Simon. The following morning, as he was sleeping off the splendor, word came from his lawyer: That big block of Tide Water stock had been purchased. Getty Oil had just multiplied in size. One of history’s first hostile takeovers would set the stage for history’s biggest takeover of any kind, and much more.
1934年12月31日，在签署了创建莎拉·C·盖蒂信托基金的18页文件后，J.保罗穿上了燕尾服，去参加在圣西蒙威廉·伦道夫·赫斯特城堡的新年派对。第二天早上，宿醉酣睡中的他，被律师的电话叫醒：一大笔潮水石油的股票已经购买成功。盖蒂石油公司的规模刚刚翻了一番。这笔历史上最早之一的致意收购，将为后续史上最大的收购奠定基础，并引发一系列后续事件。
The idea that he might be entitled to something from his grandmothers’ pot of gold struck Gordon as an epiphany, in a syllogism: “It suddenly occurred to me that maybe a beneficiary is entitled to benefits,” he would explain. As odd as it may seem, Gordon’s mind really seemed to work by such cold reasoning. But once he seized upon the logic, his logic gave way to passion.
艾登突然意识到：自己有权从祖母设置的信托中分到一杯羹，他解释说：“受益人的权利本该得到兑现”。尽管听起来有些奇怪，但艾登的思维真的是如此冷酷如此理性，但是且他抓住了这个要领，他的理性就会让位于他的欲望。
Gordon prevailed upon a friendly family lawyer to locate a copy of the trust instrument and quickly realized he was entitled to one-third of all the trust’s income that his father didn’t receive. Eugene Paul was to get another third; George the last third. Yet Gordon and his brothers had received virtually no income from the trust, and with good reason: The trust itself had no income. By the 1960s, the trust only owned shares of the oil company, and the oil company paid no cash dividends. No cash dividends, no
trust income. Instead of sharing profits with the trust and the public investors who now held a minority interest in the company, the Old Man had hoarded virtually every penny and plowed it right back into the earth, in search of more oil-in-the-ground. it was a unique policy among major oil companies, one that made Getty Oil grow at an astonishing rate. This policy did not upset Gordon’s brothers, who had promising careers with the company. But it made Gordon mad.
戈登说服了一位相熟的家族律师找到了一份信托文书的副本，并很快意识到他有权获得他父亲没有领取的部分的信托收入的三分之一。尤金·保罗享有另外三分之一；乔治是最后三分之一。然而，戈登和他的兄弟们从来没有从信托基金中获得任何收入，而且理由很充分：信托基金本身没有收入。
到20世纪60年代，该信托只拥有石油公司的股份；石油公司没有支付现金股息。没有现金股息，就没有信托收入。老盖蒂没有与信托和持有公司少数股权的公众投资者分享利润，而是将几乎每一分利润重新投入石油勘探，以寻找更多的地下石油。这种在大型石油公司中绝无仅有的政策，使盖蒂石油公司以惊人的速度扩张。这项政策并没有让戈登的兄弟们感到不安，他们在公司任职，前途无量。但这让戈登很生气。
“I believe Getty Oil is extremely well able to pay a dividend,” Gordon wrote his father in 1963. “This income to me should not under any circumstances be less than $50,000 per year.” Don’t listen to him, Gordon’s brother George implored his father. J. Paul Getty, however, was petrified to consider the publicity that would flourish if Gordon dared to file a lawsuit over the issue-and there was no predicting what rash action Gordon might take. “So far as I know, the Kennedy family has never had a suit,” his father wrote him. “Neither has the Rockefeller family.” To avoid an open breach, the Old Man relented by having his company declare a dividend of 10 cents a share. Although it was a puny amount in relation to the company’s total earnings, the Old Man resentfully told Gordon that the cash distribution would probably cause the company to lose ground in its effort to keep pace with the rest of Big Oil. He also wrote to him: “I would be very pleased if you would follow the example of your brothers and work for a living.”
1963 年，戈登致信他的父亲”我认为盖蒂石油公司完全有能力支付股息，对我来说，这笔收入在任何情况下都不应低于每年 5 万美元”。
万美元。“戈登的兄长乔治则向父亲恳求：“别听他的”。然而，J.保罗·盖蒂想到如果戈登胆敢就此事提起诉讼（以他鲁莽的性格，什么事情都干的出来），与论会一片唾然。他的父亲向他回信：“据我所知，肯尼迪家族从来没有对薄公堂，洛克菲勒家族亦如此。”
为了避免公开决裂，父亲勉强让步，让他的公司宣布派发每股10美分的股息。尽管这与公司的盈利相比微不足道，但老人欲欲不平地告诉戈登，现金分配可能会导致公司在与其它石油公司巨头的竞争中落入下风。他还在信中补上一句：“如果你能效仿你兄弟自食其力，我会很高兴。”
Now that the trust finally had some income on its assets, J. Paul fulfilled his mother’s instruction that he keep for himself only that portion of the income equal to her original contribution. According to the disbursement record, he paid himself 79.2923389% of the trust’s dividend income. The boys’ shares of the remaining 20.707661% worked out to $46, 217 each.
现在信托终于产生了收入了，J.保罗.盖蒂履行了他母亲的遗嘱备款，仅提取其母亲出资比例相符的收益份额。根据分配记录，他向自己支付了信托股息收入的79.2923389%。剩余的20.7076611%的份额由三子平分，各领中三子平分，各领
每人分得46,217美元。
J. Paul Getty took one other action as trustee in 1962. On Gordon’s twenty-ninth birthday, in retaliation against his demand for a dividend, he blotted Gordon’s name from the list of his sons eligible to succeed him as trustee over the family estate. “You are, so to speak, the lone wolf,” he had written Gordon. Half brother George, who applauded the action, told Gordon that the Old Man never wanted to lay eyes on him again. “So it looks as if you have gained fifty thousand dollars,” George told Gordon, “and lost a father.”
1962年，J.保罗.盖蒂作为信托受托人身份采取了另一项行动。在戈登29岁生日那天，为了报复他要求分红的要求，他将戈登的名字从家族信托的受益人名单上抹去。“现在你可以说是一头独狼”他在给戈登的信中说到。
同父异母的兄长乔治对此很高兴，并转告戈登，老人再也不想看他一眼：“所以看起来你好像赚了五万美元，但失去了一个父亲”。
And yet, the fight had only begun. 然而，这场争斗才刚刚拉开序幕
When Gordon would return to San Francisco between his assignments with Getty Oil, he often stayed at a hotel on Lombard Street to be near the home of his high school friend Bill Newsom. At night he was invariably sitting at Mrs. Newsom’s dinner table chewing the fat with Bill’s father. During the day, with no one at home and having the whole house to himself, he composed on the Newso’s piano. By the time of the dividend war, Bill Newsom himself was a freshly minted lawyer from Stanford Law School; Gordon engaged him for advice on his dealings with his father.
当戈登在盖蒂石油公司工作期间到旧金山出差的时候，他经常住在伦巴底街的一家酒店，离他的高中朋友比尔·纽森的家很近。晚上，他总是坐在纽森夫人的餐桌旁，和比尔的爸爸一起闲聊。白天，家里没有人的时候，他就独占整株房子，他在纽森家的钢琴上即兴创作。到”股息之战”的时候，比尔·纽森恰好从斯坦福法学院毕业，戈登立即聘请了他，时常与他一起探讨如何与戈登父亲打交道。
One evening, while they talked over dinner in a San Francisco restaurant, an acquaintance of both young men walked in with a breathtaking, brown-eyed redhead—five feet, eleven inches.
tall, with cover-girl beauty. “There’s one attractive girl!” Bill exclaimed. He turned to Gordon, who was rapt. 一天晚上，当他们在旧金山的一家餐馆吃晚饭时，他两一位共同的朋友带着一位红发女孩走了过来，她有令人叹为观止有着一双棕色眼睛——身高 5 英尺 11 英寸（180 厘米），像封面女郎一样瑰孜奢目。“好一个迷人的姑娘”比尔赞吸道。他转向戈登，发现这位朋友早已魂不守舍。
“She’s too tall for you,” Gordon muttered.
“她对你太高了”，戈登吐诉道。
Her mother was a wealthy fruit and nut farmer from the San Joaquin Valley, her father was deceased, and her name was Ann, just like Gordon’s mother. Five days after Gordon’s thirty-first birthday — thirty years to the day after his father and grandmother had hammered out the basic terms of the family trust—Gordon married Ann in Las Vegas on Christmas Day in 1964. Gordon’s wish for the kind of big, happy normal family that Bill Newsom grew up in quickly came true; after thirty-six months of pregnancy over the next sixty months, he and Ann had four sons
她的母亲是来自圣华金河谷的一位富有的水果和坚果农场主，她的父亲已故，她的名字是Ann，就像Gordon的母亲一样。
叫安，恰好和戈登的母亲同名。1964年圣诞节，在戈登31岁生日五天后（距离他的父亲和祖母献定家族信托基本条款的30年后），他与安在拉斯维加斯结婚。
戈登渴望拥有朋友比尔·组森家的那种热闹幸福的普通大家庭，这个愿望很快就实现了，在婚后的5年内，安为他连续诞下了四个儿子。
①圣华金河谷，位于加利福尼亚州中央山谷南半部，是著名的农业产地，生产了加州主要的农业产区。
With a wife and growing family, Gordon continued looking for ways to supplement his trust income of about $50,000. Then one day in 1966, one of his stockbroker friends telephoned with some interesting news. While thumbing through a stock guide, the broker noticed that although Getty Oil had only recently begun paying a token dividend in cash, for years it had been paying a big dividend in stock.
有了妻子和一大帮子家庭成员，戈登继续寻找各种途径来补充他每年5万美元的信托收入。然后在1966年的一天，他的一位股票经纪人朋友打电话带来了一些有趣的消息。在翻阅股票指南时，经纪人注意到，尽管盖蒂油最近才开始以现金支付象征性股息，但多年来它一直在以股票方式支付巨额股息。
股息。
Al though the information had been routinely reported in Getty Oil’s annual reports for years, Gordon had overlooked it. He and his lawyer, Bill Newsom, suddenly felt as if they had reached the end of the rainbow. If those dividends had been paid in cash, they would be equivalent to 7 million! If Gordon and Newsom could convince a court that Gordon and his brothers had the same right to the stock dividends as the cash dividends received by the trust, Gordon would be able to support his family and pursue his obsession with music unfettered by the need to grovel for a decent job with Getty Oil. “All of a sudden if you became aware of your entitlement to that much money,” Bill Newsom would later explain, “you’d be a fool not to claim it.” In 1966 Gordon filed suit—against his father, as trustee of the Sarah C. Getty Trust
尽管多年来，盖蒂石油公司的年度报告中记录了这些信息，但戈登却忽视了它。他和他的律师比尔·纽森突然觉得自己找到了宝藏。如果这些股息以现金支付，总领高达1亿美元！仅戈登的份额就总计约700万美
元！
如果戈登和组森能够说服法院，裁定戈登和他的兄弟们拥有以股票分红的权利，这部分权利与信托收到的现金股息相同，那么戈登将能够养家糊口，并追求他对音乐的梦想，而不需要卑躬屈膝地在盖蒂石油公司做一份所谓的”体面工作”。
“突然之间，如果你意识到你有权获得那么多线，“比尔·组森后来解释道，“你不去要求获得它就是个傻瓜。” 1966年，戈登正式对他的父亲提起诉讼，作为涉拉·C·盖蒂信托基金的受托人。
The Old Man reacted as if his life’s work had been threatened—which in one sense it had. Liquidating years and years of stock dividends out of the trust would diminish its control of Getty Oil by one third — and thus reduce the iron-fisted domination of the company that the Old Man maintained as sole trustee over the trust. Getty Oil’s most ferocious lawyers were put on the case.
老盖蒂的反应犹如他毕生的心血受到了威胁——从某种意义上来说，确实如此。若要求信托基金兑现历年累积的以股票形式发放的股息，将使他对盖蒂石油公司的控制权减少三分之一——从而削弱老人作为信托的唯一受托人对公司的铁腕管理。盖蒂石油公司最凶悍的律师被投入了这场诉讼。
最凶悍的律师们被派去处理这个案子。
For six years, until 1972, the messy case of Getty v. Getty was dragged through the courts of California and the newspapers of the world, and it was Gordon, not his father, on whom the humiliation was heaped. The company’s lawyers called Gordon’s suit “naive and childish,” “reckless and shameful,” and even an affront to the Fourth Commandment. They described him as an ungrateful, gold-digging son and repeatedly suggested that he was too inept to earn a living from his father. They said the law cited in Gordon’s suit had long since been thrown on the “rubbish heap.” And above all, they said, the lawsuits ignored “the financial realities of Getty Oil”—the reality being that unless the Old Man maintained his control, the company would die on the vine. George Getty, the company’s number-two executive, jumped in, flinging his own attacks against his brother.
直到1972年，六年来，这场混乱的”盖蒂诉盖蒂”案在加州法院和全球各大媒体上轮番曝光，而承受羞辱的是戈登，而不是他的父亲。公司的律师称戈登的诉讼”天真幼稚”、“鲁莽可耻”，甚至是对摩西十诫中第四诫的侮辱。他们把他描述成一个忘恩负义、图财的不肖子。他们说法律在戈登的诉讼中早已被扔上”垃圾堆”。而且，他们声称，这些诉讼忽视了”盖蒂石油”的财务现状。
义、见钱眼开的儿子，并一再暗示他太无能了，以至于无法自食其力。
他们说，戈登诉讼中引用的法律早已被扣进”垃圾堆”。他们更强调的是，这些诉讼忽视了”盖蒂石油公司的经营情况”——如果失去了老盖蒂的掌控，否则公司将很快走向死亡。而这时公司的二号人物乔治•盖蒂跳了出来，开始攻击他的兄弟。
①摩西十诫：上帝通过摩西向以色列人颁发的十条诫命，包括：守安息日、孝敬父母、不可杀人、不可奸淫、不可偷盗、不可作伪证、不可贪念他人财物。第四戒是要求守安息日，第五节才是孝敬父母，不知道是否写错了。
Because Gordon was suing over a trust matter, he technically had to name every other living beneficiary as a defendant, including his own born and unborn children—a fact that the Old Man’s lawyers really took to town. “Gordon was, and is, arrayed against every other person” in the family, the Old Man’s lawyers told the court. “Plaintiff would kill the goose that lays the golden eggs,” the lawyers said, “imposing gross disadvantages on the trust, his father, his brothers, his nephews and nieces, and his own children.” The lawyers demanded “no
relief to plaintiff-other than a declaration that he has no rights.” And that is all that Gordon got.
因为戈登起诉的是信托，所以从技术上讲，他必须将所有其他在世的受益人列为被告，包括他自己出生和未出生的孩子——老盖带的律师抓住这点大做文章。“戈登过去和现在都与家里的每一个人作对”，这位老人的律师告诉法庭。
“原告会杀死下金蛋的鹅，将给信托、他的父亲、他的兄弟、他的侄子和侄女以及他自己的孩子带来重大的撤失。律师们要求”除了宣布原告没有权利外，不会给原告任何救济”。这就是戈登最终所得到的全部结果，他败诉了。
In the midst of watching her husband handed one defeat after another, Gordon’s wife, Ann, decided to telephone her father-in-law at Sutton Place. “Your lawyers are killing my husband.” she explained. Later while talking to one of them, the Old Man urged no mercy. “Keep killing my son,” he said.
在眼睁睁看着丈夫接二连三的败诉之际，戈登的妻子安，决定给他萨顿庄园的公爵打个电话，她直言不讳表示：“你的律师们正在追杀我的丈夫”。后来当老盖带在与其中一位律师交流的时候，竟然冷酷的指示：“继续追杀”。
But Gordon had staying power, and his three brothers did not. And the manner in which each fell would have an extraordinary bearing on events to come.
但戈登有他兄弟所没有的东西——他能够坚持到底，他们每一个接下来接二连三的意外，这些事儿都会对未来产生戏剧性的影响。
Ronald had never been a significant competitor for control of the family trust. Relegated to receiving $3000 from one of the world’s largest family fortunes, he had little standing to assert a major role over the trust’s affairs. And although he had begun his career at Getty Oil with such promise, it fizzled after several years. Ronald was prone to inflicting severe dressing-downs on subordinates, touching off brushfires that his half brother George would take upon himself to extinguish. Given the almost impossible assignment of marketing a weak Getty brand, Veedol Oil, in Europe, Ronald had also resorted to hiring away employees from competitors, which turned out to be a crime in France. Ronald received a suspended prison sentence and was plucked from
his Europe assignment, eventually to leave the company altogether. “It’s him or me,” George eventually told his father, which was no contest. Ronald would go on to produce motion pictures and open a chain of Don the Beachcomber restaurants, but he certainly would be heard from again—when Pennzoil and Texaco would come along.
罗纳德从来都不是家族信托控制权的重要参与者。他从世界上最大的家族财富之一那里获得了3000美元，因此在信托事务中无是轻重。尽管他在盖蒂石油开始了他的职业生涯，短短几年后就不干了。
罗纳德习惯对下属进行严厉的训斥，常常需要他同父异母的兄弟弗治出面调停。在欧洲期间，面对营销一个弱小的盖蒂石油品牌——威力多机油这项几乎是不可能的任务，罗纳德竟然从竞争对手那里挖角员工，这在法国构成了犯罪。罗纳德被判处缓刑，并被紧急从盖蒂石油的欧洲公司调离。
“有他没我”弗治向父亲下了最后通牒，毫无悬念，罗纳德最终离开了公司。后来罗纳德继续制作电影并开设一家连锁餐厅（Don the Beachcomber），但当宾州石油和德士古的世纪官司的时候，他会再次登场。
①威力多机油，创立于1913年，由潮水石油公司所设立，使用威力多机油的齐柏林飞
舰完成了横跨太西洋的飞行；以及首次从日本飞往美国不停不着陆的记录。1973 年，品牌被嘉实多润滑油公司收购，2000 年，嘉实多被英国石油集团（BP）收购，威力多品牌旧属 BP。
Yet Ronald’s story was the least tragic by far.
然而，罗纳德的故事是老盖蒂几个子女中最不悲惨的。
Eugene Paul, who had gotten the plum assignment in Italy when Gordon had been sent to the Neutral Zone, had become quite the man about Rome. He changed his name legally to Jean Paul Getty Jr. and initially performed to the satisfaction of his father, but within severa years he was no longer “setting the world on fire as a businessman,” as the Old Man would write. Almost overnight, “everything started to go wrong.”
当戈登被彻底拨弃的时候（直译是”被派往中立区”），尤金·保罗获得了派驻意大利的肥差。他已经成为罗马城的风云人物。他将自己的名字改成了小让·保罗·盖蒂（显的好像他是父亲的忠实儿子一样，他父亲叫J·保罗·盖蒂）。
最初的表现让他的父亲感到满意，但不出几年，他就不像老盖蒂写给他的信对他寄予厚
望：“作为一个优秀的商人，要取得巨大的成功”，凡平一夜之间”一切都失控了”。
Paul Jr.’s trim, Lincoln-style beard grew shaggy; his dark, carefully coiffed hair fell below his collar and his heavy eyeglass frames turned into Lennon-style wire-rim shades. The Italian paparazzi captured him, as one photo caption read, in “a tie-dyed velvet outfit that would make any genuine hippie green with envy.” According to a variety of court documents, Paul Jr. became gripped with drug addiction; eventually he dropped out of the business and divorced his wife, Gail, after ten years of marriage and four children. Paul Jr.’s divorce decree was barely final by the time he married the breathtaking Talitha Pol, a Dutch actress with whom he had a beautiful, blond-headed boy whom they cursed with the name Tara Gabriel Galaxy Gramophone Getty — a perfectly normal kid, as it turned out, who would unwittingly assume a center-stage role in the tragic downfall of Getty Oil. Talitha, in 1971, would die of a drug overdose; Paul Jr. would spend the next twelve years in London, struggling to overcome his grief. He
too would play a central role in the corporate power play to come. 小保罗修剪整齐的林肯式胡须变得蓬松；曾 经精心打理的黑发长到衣领以下，厚重的眼 镜变成了列依式的钢丝细边黑镜。意大利狗 仔队拍下的照片的配文中说道：“扎染的天 鹅绒套装，会让任何真正的贵皮士浪慕不 已。“根据各种法庭文件显示，小保罗染上 了毒瘾；最终，他退出了商界，并与妻子盖 尔结婚十年、并生了四个孩子后离婚。
离婚判决书刚刚下达，小保罗就与令人惊艳的荷 兰女演员塔丽莎·波尔结婚，两人育有 了一个美丽的金发男孩。他们给孩子取了一 个荒诞的名字——塔拉·加布里埃尔·银 河·留声机·盖蒂，一个本该过上普通生活 的男孩，但无人所料却在盖蒂石油公司最后 的悲剧性琐合中扮演中心角色。
1971 年，塔丽莎死于吸毒过量；接下来的 12 年里，小保罗住在伦敦，强忍他的悲 痛。他也将在即将到来的企业权力游戏中，
Remarkably, the chesty George Getty II-dubbed the “heir to his father’s empire” by Business Week, fell the hardest of all. Even after becoming the company’s number-two executive and after establishing an independent business reputation-as a director of Bank of America and Douglas Aircraft,
for instance—George never escaped his father’s humiliating heavy-handedness. Harold Berg, who would eventually succeed George, used to watch his boss hole up in his office for hour-long transatlantic conversations with his father—and then watch George take it out on everyone else. “It was obvious he’d been chewed out,” Berg would recall.
It人嘆嘆的是，被《商業周刊》稱為”他父 親帝國的繼承人”的喬治·蓋帝二世下場最 為悲慘。即使在成為公司的第二號人物並擁 有自己的名氣——例如作為美國銀行和道格 拉斯飛機公司的董事——喬治也從未擺脫過 他父親親的虐歷羞辱。
後來接替喬治位置的哈羅德·伯格，常常目 睹他的老闆躲在辦公室里與他的父親進行長 達一小時的越洋中話，然後便將怒火發洩到 下屬身上。“很明顯，他被罵了個狗血噴 頭，“伯格後來回憶道。
When a complex merger was planned between Getty Oil, where the Old Man held the title of president, and Tide Water Oil, of which George was president, everyone, most of all George, assumed that he would become president of the combined enterprise, while his father would adopt a new role as chairman of the board. The Old
Man, however, viewed this lofty title as one that befitted only elderly, out-to-pasture executives, which at age seventy-five he certainly did not consider himself. J. Paul thus appointed himself president of the merged companies, demoting George, then age forty-three, to executive vice president. George never got over it.
当老盖蒂担任总裁的盖蒂石油公司和乔治担任总裁的湖水石油公司计划进行复兑的合并时，每个人，尤其是乔治，都认为他将成为合并后的企业的总裁；而他的父亲将担任董事会主席。
然而，老盖蒂认为（董事会主席）这个头衔只适合年长且准备退休养老的”老人”使用的，当然75岁的他不认为自己是这样。因此，J·保罗任命自己为合并后的公司总裁；将当时43岁的George 降职为执行副总裁。这个心结，乔治至死也没有解开。
Things only became worse. George’s executive assistant, Stuart Evey, watched year by year as the Old Man’s attacks grew more mean-spirited, taking a progressively heavier toll. For while the Old Man was berating Gordon, he was also saving up plenty for George. Every would read the letters from Sutton Place in horror,
saving copies of as many of them as he could.
“We might as well wind up the company and put the proceeds in profit-making enterprises,” George was told. Reduce losses at the nuclear-fuel business, he was ordered, “or I will drop an H-bomb on it.”
The company based its drilling on “wishful thinking.” Getty Oil should rename its profit centers as “loss centers.”
“If a company’s management can’t equal the industry average, I think the stockholders should replace it,” he said. And on another occasion he wrote George: “I think there is a place for a nine-year-old Hottentot in GOC’s management. He couldn’t feel less inspired and he might do better.”
情况每况愈下。乔治的行政助理斯图尔特·艾维年复一年地看着老人的语言攻击越来越刻薄，对乔治造成的伤害日益严重。因为当老人斥责戈登时，他也同样对乔治满腔怒火。艾维会惊恐地阅读来自萨顿庄园的信件，并尽可能地保存它们的副本。
“我们不妨把公司关掉，把资金投入到盈利企业里，“乔治被告知要求减少核燃料业务的亏损，“再不减少亏损，我就投氢弹把它全部炸掉。”
“该公司的钻探基于”频心妄想”。盖蒂石油应该将其利润中心重命名为”亨提中心”。
“如果一家公司的管理层连行业平均水平都达不到，我认为股东应该换掉它，“他说。在另一个场合，他写信给乔治：“我认为一个9岁的霍乱患小孩在盖蒂石油的管理层中应该占有一席之地，他不会感觉比这群人更差，可能会做得更好。”
①霍乱患人，南部非洲的种族，主要分布在纳米比亚、南非和博茨瓦纳，当时被认为是原始人。
Years later, when Gordon was asked in an interview about the abusive letters he had received from his father, he insisted, “I laughed at them. My father was a mischievous man; he liked to ruffle people’s feathers.”
多年后，当戈登在一次采访中被问及他从父亲那里收到的那些辱骂信件时，他坚称：“我一笑了之。我父亲是个爱并玩笑的人，他就喜欢把别人惹毛。”
If there was any joke intended — and it is hard to believe there was — George Getty never got it. George began stabbing the back of his hand with a letter opener. With other personal problems mounting, he became
so concerned about his masculinity that his assistant Evey recalls him receiving injections of vitamin B12 in his office.
如果有什么开玩笑的意思——很难让人相信——乔治·盖蒂从来没有意会到到这一点。乔治开始用拆信刀戳自己的手背。随着个人问题的不断累积，他变得非常担心自己的男子气概，以至于他的助手艾维依然清楚记得：他在办公室里接受了维生素B12的注射。
On June 5, 1973, George arrived at his home in the super-swank Los Angeles suburb of Bel Air, pounded down several beers and a bottle of wine, grabbed a knife and stabbed himself in the stomach. The wound was superficial, but George’s wife immediately summoned Evey, the company doctor and the Bel Air police. George panicked, locked himself in his bedroom and threatened to shoot everyone. Before long, he was quiet, and Evey kicked in the door to find him sleeping and drenched in blood. Evey and the company doctor admitted him to a local hospital under the false name George Davis-Evey had had lunch that day with former Army running back Glenn Davis — to spare George from any further grief from his father.
By the next day, when several empty or near-empty prescription bottles were discovered in the hamper and travel kit in George’s bathroom, he was lying in the hospital, dead. “Mr. Getty’s death,” the coroner’s investigators wrote, “was the result of slowly increasing personal stress which was triggered into an acute reaction by alcoholic intoxication, and which manifested itself in violent and self-destructive behavior.” Celebrity coroner Thomas T. Noguchi ruled it a probable suicide.
1973 年 6 月 5 日，乔治回到他位于洛杉矶郡区的顶级富豪区贝莱尔的家中，猛灌了几瓶啤酒和一瓶葡萄酒，拿起一把刀刺向自己的腹部。伤口虽然很浅，但乔治的妻子立即呼叫了艾维、医生和警察。乔治惊惶失措，把自己反锁在卧室里，威胁要开枪打死所有人。没过多久，他就安静了下来，艾维踢开门，发现他睡着了，浑身是血。
艾维和公司医生以乔治·戴维斯的假名将他送进了当地一家医院，那天他恰好与前陆军官格伦·戴维斯共进午餐——以免乔治从他父亲那里得到任何进一步的差辱。
第二天，当乔治浴室的脏衣篮和旅行包中发现几个空的药瓶时，他已经死在了医院。“盖蒂先生的死，“法医写道，“是个人压力缓慢增加的结果，这种压力在酒精刺激下激发成一种暴力和自我毁灭行为。
急性反应，并表现为暴力和自我毁灭行为。“著名法医托马斯·T·Noguchi 判断这很可能是一起自杀事件
And suddenly, Gordon Getty was the Number-One Son. 一夜之间，戈登·盖蒂成为了头号继承者。
Shortly after George had died, the Old Man reappointed Gordon to succeed him as trustee of the family estate. Gordon was not designated to serve alone, however. One of the very lawyers who had been “killing Gordon in the war over the dividends was also appointed a successor trustee. In addition, the Old Man’s longtime bank, Security Pacific National Bank of Los Angeles, would serve as a corporate co-trustee. This triumvirate would operate the trust under the same rules that had bound the Old Man, with one difference: Except to avoid a catastrophe, the successor trustees appeared to have no right under the trust instrument to sell the trust’s interests in Getty Oil Co.
In 1976, on the third anniversary of George’s death, J. Paul Getty went to his final resting place in Malibu, California, at age eighty-three. He died contented that his company, if
not his family, was securely intact, safe for the future.
乔治去世后不久，老盖蒂重新任命戈登接替他成为家族财产的受托人。然而，戈登并不享有唯一的掌控权力。那位”在股息之战中被命令对戈登起尽系绝”的律师也被任命为联合受托人。
此外，老盖蒂的长期合作银行洛杉矶平洋国民银行担任企业共同受托人。这个组合将按照和老盖蒂所遗从的信托规则一样运作，但有一个区别：除了避免灾难性的后果外，继任受托人无极出售信托在盖蒂石油的权益。
1976年，在乔治去世三周年之后，J•保罗•盖蒂长眼于加利福尼亚州马里布，享年83岁。他死的时候心满意是，即便他的家人屡遭不幸，他的公司在未来依旧是安全和稳定的。
“The tax men have no cause to poise themselves for a sprint,” the Old Man wrote shortly before his death. “The Getty interests are not about to sell off their shares or dissolve their companies. Those companies have been built into a large and thriving family business.”
“税务人员没有必要跳跳欲试”（征收遗产税），这位老人在去世前不久写道。“盖蒂家族企业集团不会出售股份或解散公司。这些公司已经发展成为一个庞大而兴旺的家族企业。”
家族并不打算出售他们的股票或解散他们的公司。这些公司已经发展成为一个庞大而繁荣的家族企业。”
（这个故事令人唏嘘，我想老爷带有更好的办法来处理儿子们的问题，最后四个儿子中，一个死于非命，一个变成瘾君子，另外一个儿子将其视为仇人，这样的家庭很难被当做是一个幸福美满的家庭。
最终他死的时候在想什么无人得知，据到，茅格老先生说：要在朋友们和家人的爱中间离世，千万不要做那个在葬礼上”他的兄弟更缠”的人，按照这个标准来看，最终老盖蒂的”心满意足”离世更像是一种反讽，而儿子们最终的结局又与父亲有着千丝万缕的关系。
戈登和父亲反目成仇，戈登想要钱去追求音乐爱好，一年给五万美元多吗？一点都不多，为了满足合爷的本色，将儿子按在他不喜欢的岗位上，这才是捡了芝麻丢了西瓜，最后对薄公堂，在大众面前体面尽尽。
乔治二世死于非命，与父亲不断的差辱，为人刻薄有很大关系，即使儿子做出了那么大的成功，老盖蒂还是不满意，本质上：这是一种 自 恃 倾 向
（https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Yr9CdT2ASfqugVT3NecZ1w 的含金量还在上升），最终将儿子推向生死相隔，白发人送黑发人。
把家庭搞搞好，比设立个信托，买个保险，采取个法律架构要有用的多，因为只要是在纸面上签署的合同，总能找到被绕，如果是人没有问题，不需要要任何合同。
我和朋友说对于是否决定通过家族信托或者保险来传承，只能是最后没有办法的办法。
如果你有一个美好的家庭，你不需要要这些工具，如果没有，这些工具能否起到预料中的作用，有很大的不确定性（梅艳芳和她母亲罗美金在汇丰设立的信托的故事）。
而最终盖带石油解体，10年后被儿子戈登卖出，几经转手，港没在历史长河当中，多么讽刺的一件事儿。
反对来想要让自己的家人和朋友们受自己应该怎么做？巴芭二老（还有胖胖）给我们打了个样，我想到了巴菲特到最后还是把自己的财产交付给自己的子女去做慈善，对子女信任以子女们为骄傲，芭格老先生早就发现生活在家人的辛福之中是多么重要的一件事情。
胖胖说，在教育子女这件事情上：平等、身教、低预期。希望我们竭力都能做到）
If any oilman ever measured up in the unforgiving eyes of J. Paul Getty, it was J. Hugh Liedtke. In barely a year following his seizure of control at the old South Penn Oil, Liedtke had
succeeded in doubling the company’s stock price — and thus doubling the value of the Old Man’s investment in that company to nearly $10 million. On Christmas Eve in 1963, Liedtke was notified by telegram that the Old Man wished to pocket his profits and sell out his 10% stake in Pennzoil, a request to which Liedtke readily assented.
如果说有哪个石油人能进入 J·保罗·盖蒂的法眼，那就是 J·休·利特克。在获得前南宾夕法尼亚石油公司的控制权后不到一年的时间里，利特克就成功地将公司的股价翻番，从而使老盖蒂对该公司的投资翻了一番，达到近千万美元。在 1963 年圣诞节前夕，利特克收到电报，老盖蒂希望套现离场，出售他在宾州石油公司的 10% 股份，利特克很高兴同意了这一交易。
Liedtke and the yellow can of Pennzoil were on a roll—one that would continue for twenty years. Taking account of all the spin-offs, refinancings and other creative deals along the way, a single share of South Penn stock, worth 941 in value by 1983 — a capital gain, in round numbers, of 3000%. (By late 1986, this return would rise to nearly 10,000%.)
利特克和贵州石油的”黄色罐头”发展良好，这种热头持续了整整二十年。若将期间所有分拆、再融资和其他创新交易计算在内，1962年利特克接手时，每股31.75美元的南京夕法尼亚石油股票，到了1983年已经飙升到941美元，粗略计算收益率为3000%。（到1986年底，这一回报率将上升到近10,000%。）
①”黄色罐头”贵州石油的产品鹏致润滑油的包装为黄色罐头。对比1965年的时候每股14.86美元收购伯克希尔股票，1983年伯克希尔股价突破1000美元，上涨67倍，还是巴神更胜一筹了。
他从一开始就一心想做大。利特克采用了小有成功的”鹏致”品牌名称，并发起了一场全国性的广告宣传活动，最终由产期高尔夫球手阿诺德·帕尔默(Arnold Palmer)担任其代言人。
①阿诺德·帕尔默：美国传奇高尔夫球手，职业生涯共获得62个PGA巡回赛冠军。
Even in the stagnant markets of the 1960s, as automotive improvements extended the engine life of lube oils, Liedtke increased sales of Pennzoil Motor Oil 45% to 145 million quarts a year. A national brand was not
Liedtke’s main objective, however. The cash flow from the yellow can was spent finding more oil-in-the-ground — not Pennsylvania-grade oil, but crude oil and natural gas in the burgeoning fields of South Texas, the Gulf of Mexico, and eventually even the North Sea.
即使在 1960 年代润滑油市场增长停滞的情况下——随着汽车工艺的改进延长了润滑油机油的使用寿命，利特克依然将鸦致机油的销量提高了 45%，达到每年 1.45 亿夸脱。
然而，打造全国性品牌并不是利特克的主要目标。销售产品创造的现金流用于寻找更多的地下石油——不再是宾夕法尼亚州的石油，而是在南德克萨斯州、墨西哥湾某至北海的新兴油田中寻找原油和天然气。
① 一夸脱=0.946 升
While Pennzoil and its yellow can flourished, the Big Red Texaco star was fading fast. For between the late 1960s and late 1970s, the unthinkable but inevitable finally occurred: In Louisiana and elsewhere, Texaco’s oil fields began running dry. And with insufficient lifeblood, the world’s largest oil-refining and sales organization began to wither.
当宾州州石油一路高歌猛进的时候，德士古正
在迅速衰落。因为在 20 世纪 60 年代末到 70 年代末之间，无法想象但不可避免的事情终于发生了：在路易斯安那州等产区，德主古的油田开始枯竭。失去了原料供应，世界上最大的炼油和销售组织开始走向下坡路。
The company that had once promoted itself as “Number One, Second to None” was now ranked behind everyone. In 1968 it lost its title as the nation’s largest crude-oil producer to Standard Oil of New Jersey (soon to become Exxon). In 1974 it lost its long-coveted title as the nation’s most profitable oil company, also to Exxon. In 1976 it lost its position as the number-one U.S. gasoline retailer to Shell. By 1977 its profitability had slipped behind not only Exxon but Gulf, Chevron and Mobil. Once the second most popular mutual-fund investment on Wall Street, behind IBM, in 1977 Texaco became the first major U.S. oil company to lose its triple-A bond rating from Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s. In a decade’s time, Texaco had become the ugliest of the Seven Sisters.
这家曾经标榜自己为”首届一指，独一无二”的公司现在排名落后于所有人。
1968 年，它失去了美国最大原油生产商的称号，输给了新泽西州的标准石油公司（埃克森美孚）。
1974 年，它失去了他引以为傲的头衔——美国最赚钱石油公司的称号，也被埃克森美孚（Exxon）夺走。
1976 年，它失去了美国第一大汽油零售商的地位，输给了壳牌公司。
到 1977 年，它的盈利能力不仅落后于埃克森美孚，还落后于海湾石油、雪佛龙和美孚。德士古曾是华尔街共同基金经理中第二规模的持仓，仅次于 IBM。
1977 年，德士古成为第一家失去穆迪和标准普尔三 A 债券评级的美国主要石油公司。短短十年间，德士古已成为七姐妹中最落魄的那一个。
①石油七姐妹：洛克菲勒的标准石油公司解散后，在石油方面具有全球石油行业举足轻重影响力的 7 家公司：包括新泽西标准石油（埃克森森）、纽约标准石油（美孚，98 年与埃克森森合并成埃克森美孚）、加利福尼亚标准石油（雪佛龙）、德士古（01 年被雪佛龙公司收购）、海湾石油（84 年为雪佛龙公司收购）、英国渡斯石油公司（BP）、壳牌公司（shell）
In addition to the problems of its own
making, Texaco was confounded by more than its share of outright bad luck. It was a partner with Union Oil Company in the infamous 1969 Santa Barbara blowout that gave birth to the environmentalist movement. Several years later, a Texaco drilling rig hunting for oil under a lake in Louisiana managed to drill into a salt mine, draining the entire lake like a huge bathtub; in the whirlpool, even the drilling rig and a barge were sucked underground.
除了自己经营不善导致的问题外，德士古还遭遇了远超行业平均值的的环运气。1969年它和联合石油公司在一个项目上是合作伙伴，这次臭名昭著的圣巴巴拉井喷事故，催生了环保主义运动。
几年后，一台德士古的钻井平台在路易斯安那州的一个湖下寻找石油，成功地钻进了一个盐矿卷道，整个湖像浴缸排水一样一泄如注；在漩涡中，甚至连钻井平台和一艘驳船也被吸入地下。
①圣巴巴拉井喷事故：1969年1月发生在南加州圣巴巴拉附近，美国联合石油公司在A平台作业时候发现天然气泄露，于是用盖子将漏口盖住试图阻止气体外泄，没有想到的是：这一举动造成了海底的压力骤增，地层窒裂，出现了5条裂缝，大约有1万吨原油沿着裂缝从海底涌出。
事故发生后，油田被迫关闭，事后统计，有300万加仑的原油涌入大海，世界各地的媒体对这一事件进行了报道，《生活》杂志封面选用了一张实景照片，照片中海鸟绝望的在石油中挣扎，这一画面激起了环保组织者的愤怒，他们仍绝将矛头指向石油并采公司。随后联邦政府暂停了加利福尼亚海岸的海上石油勘探业务。
在井喷事故后发生的第二年，环保主义者发起了地球日的活动，在之后三年内，美国也速制定了并通过了《环境法案》，成立环境保护局，在1970年还通过了《清洁空气法案》和《海湾区域管理法》。这些法案同1972年的《净水法案》一起构成了美国对海上石油开采行业管理规范的核心内容。
在海外，该公司的情况也好不到哪里去。当德士古拒绝提炼苏联原油时，卡斯特罗将其
古巴业务国有化（国有化，你懂的）。五年后，德士古在锡兰的资产被国有化。四年后，在亚马逊雨林中发现了巨大的油田后，三分之二当地的权益被尼瓜多尔政府收归国有。
利比亚、特立尼达、安哥拉、沙特阿拉伯、伊朗——在第三世界的民族党醒浪潮中，德士古的海外业务中陷入困境。
当穆阿边尔•卡达菲决定在地中海争端上宣布他的主权时，他顺手把一台倒霉的德士古海上钻井平台作为目标，用武力夺扶并赶走了该钻井平台。
All major oil companies were running low on oil-in-the-ground, of course, but none as severely as Texaco, a company whose geologists, oil scouts, landmen and lawyers were all subject to the iron-fisted domination of the company chieftains in New York. When a group of Texaco explorationists became excited at the oil-bearing potential of a place called Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, top management determined that the operation would prove too costly and refused to approve the drilling, making Texaco the only major oil company to miss out on what became the biggest oil field in North America. Texaco was also a latecomer to the
action in the British North Sea, the hottest foreign oil field of the 1970s. 当然，所有主要的石油公司的原油储量都日渐枯竭，但没有一家像德士古那样严重，这家公司的地质学家、油田勘探员、土地工人和律师都受到组约公司高管的铁腕掌控。
当一群德士古勘探团队对阿拉斯加普拉德霍湾的石油储量感到兴奋时，高层管理人员认为该作业成本太高，拒绝批准钻探，使德士古成为唯一家错过北美最大油田的大型石油公司。
1970年代热门的英国北海油田开发浪潮中，德士古也是后来者。
In part, the inertia gripping Texaco was the product of its size. The fourth-largest corporation in America, Texaco ended the seventies bigger than Ford, Chrysler and B. F. Goodrich put together. It was five times larger than Getty Oil, twenty times larger than Pennzoil, doing more business in a year than the entire country of Finland could produce in goods and services. But while most other major oil companies had long ago decentralized their structures to throw more authority into the field, Texaco maintained such inbred and hidebound traditions that it became a
curiosity throughout the industry. Other oilmen came to describe the enigmatic decision-making process at Texaco simply as “the black box.” Dealing with Texaco, a federal energy regulator once marveled, “is like watching snails mate.” Decisions that field executives could make at other oil companies had to go before the board of directors at Texaco.
在某种程度上，德士古的僵化体制，源自于他庞大的体量。作为美国第四大公司，德士古在七十年代末的规模超过了福特、克莱斯勒和固特异的总和。
它比盖蒂石油公司大五倍，比赛州石油公司大20倍，年营业额超过了芬兰的GDP。但是，尽管大多数其他大型石油公司很久以前就把决策权下放到一线，但德士古保持了近亲繁殖的陈规旧习，以至于它成为整个行业的奇葩。
其他石油商开始将德士古神秘的决策机制戏称为”黑箱”。联邦能源监管机构都感叹：“与德士古打交道就像看着蜗牛交配”。在其他石油公司在油田上可以现场决定的决策，在德士古必须提交给董事会。
After leaving the Chrysler Building in midtown Manhattan in 1977, the corporate headquarters even assumed the physical appearance of a
Washington-style bureaucracy. The immaculate new office building in White Plains, New York, about an hour from Manhattan, was three stories tall, with each floor covering as much real estate as three football fields. Mail and memorandums were delivered by robotlike little vehicles that spent all day beeping through the hallways. 1977 年离开曼哈顿中城的克莱斯勒大厦后，公司总部已经和华盛顿的联邦政府的官僚程度不相上下。这座位于纽约州怀特普莱恩斯的一栋崭新的办公楼，距离曼哈顿约一小时车程，共有三层楼高，每层楼的占地面积相当于三个足球场。
邮件和备忘录等纸质文件由机器人般的小车运送，这些小车整天都在走廊里发出哔哔声。
（目睹口呆，这样的公司居然还能挣钱，原油行业确实可以驱着挣钱）
No one in Texaco was so acutely aware of the company’s problems as John McKinley.
在德士古内部，没有人比约翰·麦金利更能清醒的意识到公司的问题
To the extent that such a ponderous organization could foster creativity, McKinley showed it. After nearly fifteen years in the research
department, McKinley spent much of the 1960s in the company’s petrochemical operations, where he pioneered the almost heretical practice of buying raw materials from outside the company if doing so could save money. In the late 1960s he became the head of the supply and distribution system that kept the company operating in some one hundred fifty nations—a job that made him the captain of one of the world’s largest private armadas. His performance in these jobs—as well as a series of personal tragedies involving two of his superiors—suddenly combined in 1971 to thrust McKinley into the number-two position as company president.
麦金利证明了在这样一个庞肿的组织，却依然可以激发创新火花。在研究部门工作了近15年后，20世纪的60年代的大部分时间里麦金莱在都在公司的石化业务部门，在那里他开创了一种独特的做法——如果可以节约成本，公司可以从外部购买原材料。
在60年代后期，他成为供应和分销系统的负责人，使公司在大约150个国家/地区运营——这份工作使他成为世界上最大的私人舰队之一的指挥官。
他在这些工作中的表现——以及涉及他的两位上司的一系列个人悲剧——在1971年突然合并——在1971年突然合并——在1971年突然合并——在1971年突然合并——在1971年突然合并——使他成为世界上最大的私人舰队之一的指挥官。
文本提取内容
然结合在一起，将麦金利推上了公司总裁的位置。
Although McKinley believed that the company had carried is centralization to the extreme, a man of such military training wasn’t about to upset the chain of command. Throughout the 1970s, while Chairman Maurice “Butch” Granville mostly carried on the policies that had built Texaco in the 1950s and 1960s, McKinley quietly discharged his duties to the extent his authority permitted, but like a good soldier he awaited his turn, hoping that by the time he had a shot at becoming the big boss it would not be too late.
尽管麦金利认为该公司已经将把集中管理推向了极致，但这位受过军事训练的高管并不打算备弃行事。在整个70年代，董事长莫里斯·格兰维尔执行了德士古在50年代和60年代的政策，但麦金利在他的范围内安静的履行了他的职责，但他也像一名好兵一样等待时机，希望当他有机会成为老板时，不会太晚。
Much to the delight of McKinley and everyone else at Texaco, there was one occasion in the late 1970s when it briefly appeared that the company’s
fortunes finally had begun to reverse. Along with several partners-including Getty Oil-Texaco had undertaken a Herculean drilling venture one hundred miles from Atlantic City in the turbulent waters of the Atlantic. Texaco, alas, lost an electronic testing device in a hole three miles deep, but still managed to establish that the well looked “encouraging,” which in the understated language of the major oil companies meant that we could have a monster oil field on our hands. A second test confirmed the presence of “significant” gas reserves. So great was the rumored natural-gas find that the dollar rose and fell with the latest speculation. A great environmentalist debate erupted over the effects of turning the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf into one big piece of Swiss cheese. Then, two more wells were drilled to establish that the prospect was of commercial size.
令麦金利和德士古的员工曾经非常高兴的 是，在70年代末，公司的命运似乎即将迎 来转机。德士古与包括盖蒂石油在内的几个 合作伙伴共同在距离大西洋城100英里的 大西洋满急水域进行了一项巨大的钻探活 动。
尽管德士古在一个三英里深的洞中丢失了一
台电子测试设备，但仍然设法确定这口井看起来”令人鼓舞”（在石油巨头谍报掂辞体系中，这等同于发现了超级油田）。
第二次测试证实了”大量”天然气储量的存在。传闻中的天然气储备如此之巨大，以至于美元汇率随着勘探进度而波动。一场关于将大西洋外大陆架变成一大块肥沃的”瑞士奶酪”对环境的影响的辩论爆发了。
然后，又钻了两口井，以确定该前景具有商业规模。
It wasn’t. Texaco had come up empty-handed again. 但事实并非如此。德士古又空手而归。
When John McKinley finally was designated as chairman and chief executive in January 1980, Texaco, at its current rate of production, had but 8.2 years’ of oil-in-the-ground remaining.
1980年1月，当约翰·麦金利最终被任命为董事长兼首席执行官时，按照目前的生产速度，德士古只剩下8.2年的地下石油可用了。